Global Group B Streptococcus Infection Treatment Market: Overview
Group B streptococcus (GBS) infection,
also known as group B strep infection, is a type of bacterial infection
that can be found in the digestive and lower reproductive tracts of both
men and women. About 1 in 4 pregnant women carry or are colonized with
group B streptococcus. As per the WHO, group B streptococcus infection
causes an estimated 150,000 preventable still births and infant deaths
every year. Around 21.7 million pregnant women carry this bacteria,
according to the first global study of group B strep. Most of them are
currently unidentified and untreated. An estimated 1 in 5 pregnant women
around the world carry the group B streptococcus bacteria, which is a
major yet preventable cause of maternal and infant ill health globally.
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There are three types of perinatal group B
streptococcus diseases, each with their own prevention challenges. They
are prenatal-onset GBS disease (before birth), early-onset GBS disease
(birth through the first week of life), and late-onset GBS disease (over
one week of age through several months of age). A study by the London
School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine estimated that out of 410,000
group B streptococcus cases every year, there will be at least 147,000
stillbirths and infant deaths globally. Africa had the highest burden,
with 54% of estimated cases and 65% of stillbirths and infant deaths. A
rise in the prevalence of group B streptococcus infections and increase
in the rate of new infections are likely to drive the global group b
streptococcus infection treatment market. Furthermore, an increase in
modes of transmission of the infectious disease and lack of cleanliness
in developing regions are estimated to propel the Group B Streptococcus
Infection Treatment market in the region.
The global group B streptococcus
infection treatment market can be segmented based on GBS type, route of
administration, drug molecule, distribution channel, and region. In
terms of type of GBS type, the global market can be categorized into
prenatal-onset GBS disease, early-onset GBS disease, and late-onset GBS
disease. Based on route of administration, the global group B
streptococcus infection treatment market can be bifurcated into oral and
parenteral. In terms of drug molecule, the global group B streptococcus
infection treatment market can be divided into small molecule,
vaccines, and others. Current group B streptococcus prevention focuses
on giving antibiotics to women in labour, with an aim to reduce the
disease in infants at delivery. Although several vaccines to prevent
group B streptococcus are in development, none is currently available.
Based on distribution channel, the global group B streptococcus
infection treatment market can be classified into hospital pharmacies,
retail pharmacies, and online pharmacies. The retail pharmacies segment
accounted for a considerable share of the group B streptococcus
infection treatment market due to the availability of generic drugs.
In terms of region, the global group B
streptococcus infection treatment market can be segmented into North
America (U.S. and Canada), Europe (U.K., Germany, France, Italy, Spain,
and Rest of Europe), Asia Pacific (Japan, India, China, Australia &
New Zealand, and Rest of Asia Pacific), Latin America (Mexico, Brazil,
and Rest of Latin America), and Middle East & Africa (Saudi Arabia,
South Africa, Israel, and Rest of Middle East and Africa). Prevalence of
group B streptococcus infection is higher in Asia Pacific and Middle
East & Africa than in North America and Europe. According to
statistics published by the World Health Organization in 2017, the top
five countries by numbers (to nearest 100) of pregnant women colonised
were: India (2,466,500), China (1,934,900), Nigeria (1,060,000), the
U.S. (942,800), and Indonesia (799,100). However, in the U.S., it is
recommended that women be screened for group B streptococcus during
weeks 35 to 37 of pregnancy. Pregnant women testing positive are given
an intravenous antibiotic before delivery to prevent group B
streptococcus, which could manifest shortly after birth (early onset
disease). In developing countries, the infrastructure to provide
screening and preventative antibiotics is either nonexistent or limited,
resulting in much higher observed group B streptococcus disease burden
in babies.
Global Group B Streptococcus Infection Treatment Market: Competitive Landscape
Key players developing therapeutics for
group B streptococcus infections are Pfizer Inc., Alopexx
Pharmaceuticals, LLC, Wellstat Vaccines LLC, Minervax ApS, Novartis,
GlaxoSmithKline, and other prominent players. In 2017, Pfizer started
phase I/II trial of its group B streptococcus conjugate vaccine named
PF-06760805, which incorporates at least five serotypes of group B
streptococcus and could prevent approximately 95% of group B
streptococcus disease in infants via maternal immunization.
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