Adrenal Gland Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment Market: Overview
Adrenal glands are located on top of
kidneys. The two primary types of adrenal gland tumors are adrenal
cortical carcinoma and pheochromocytoma. Adrenal cortical carcinoma is
cancer of adrenal cortex. Two types of tumor are associated with adrenal
cortex: functioning tumor and non-functioning tumor. Functioning tumor
is responsible for increase in the production of adrenal hormones, while
non-functioning tumor does not affect hormonal production. Adrenal
cortical carcinoma is generally a secondary type of cancer. It occurs
when another form of cancer spreads to the adrenal glands.
Pheochromocytoma occurs most frequently in adults aged between 30 and
60. It is not life-threatening, but has 10% chances of being cancerous.
High blood pressure is the most common symptom; however, excessive
sweating, light-headedness, a fast and pounding pulse when standing,
severe headache, rapid breathing, and other symptoms could also occur.
Factors such as unhealthy lifestyle habits such as smoking and drinking
are contributing to growth of the adrenal gland tumor diagnosis and
treatment market.
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The global adrenal gland tumor diagnosis
and treatment market can be segmented based on tumor type, treatment,
test, end-user, and region. In terms of tumor type, the market can be
categorized into pheochromocytoma, adrenal cortical carcinoma, and
others (paragangliomas, etc.). Pheochromocytoma is an efficient
catecholamine-secreting tumor of the adrenal gland medulla.
Catecholamines include epinephrine, norepinephrine, and their
derivatives. Symptoms of pheochromocytoma include elevated blood
pressure, elevated heart rate, flank skin, anxiety, weight loss,
sweating, and headache. Within normal limits, epinephrine and
norepinephrine hormones are responsible for regulating the heart rate
and blood pressure. Excess production of catecholamine due to
pheochromocytoma is a reason for high blood pressure with
life-threatening and potentially serious difficulties such as stroke and
heart attack. Where adrenal cortical carcinoma forms in the outer layer
of the gland that is involved in production of lifesaving hormones such
as mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids (aldosterone and cortisol)
required for metabolism and stress management. Based on treatment, the
global adrenal gland tumor diagnosis and treatment market can be
classified into surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted cancer
therapies, and others. In terms of test, the market can be divided into
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT) scan, X-ray,
positron emission tomography (PET) scan, and biopsy. Based on end-user,
the global adrenal gland tumor diagnosis and treatment market can be
categorized into hospitals, ambulatory surgical centers, cancer centers,
and others.
Geographically, the global adrenal gland
tumor diagnosis and treatment market can be segmented into five major
regions: North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Latin America, and Middle
East & Africa. North America dominated the global market in 2018 due
to rapid changes in lifestyle and availability of better treatment
options. According to the American Cancer Society, adrenal tumors (most
of which are benign adenomas) are found in 1 in every 10 people who
undergo tests such as CT scan or MRI of the adrenal gland. According to
Clinical Key, a health care website by Elsevier, Inc., prevalence of
adrenal tumor is estimated to be around 2 cases per 100,000 individuals
in the U.S. every year. Around 5% of adrenal incidentalomas are
pheochromocytomas. Studies have also shown that about 25% of these are
hereditary. Hence, increase in expertise in gene therapy could help in
curbing cancer growth.
Key players in the global adrenal gland
tumor diagnosis and treatment market are HRA Pharma, ER Squibb &
Sons LLC, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, GE Healthcare, WG Critical Care,
LLC, David Bull Laboratories (Pty) Ltd., Mylan Pharmaceuticals,
Fresenius Kabi, Pfizer, SINOVISION Technologies (Beijing) Co., Ltd.,
Hitachi Medical Systems, NeuroLogica Corp., and Digirad Corporation.
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