Arboviral disease is an infection caused
by a group of viruses spread to human by the bite of insects (infected
arthropods) such as ticks and mosquitoes. Examples include Chikungunya,
St. Louis encephalitis, yellow fever, California encephalitis, Eastern
equine encephalitis, dengue, Powassan, West Nile, and Zika. Insects that
transfer arboviruses to humans include ticks, fleas, mosquitoes, and
gnats. Over 130 different types of arboviruses affect humans. The type
of virus ranges in severity of diseases from no symptoms to mild
flu-like to severe symptoms. Most people infected with arboviruses
experience no symptoms or mild symptoms of a headache, slight fever,
and/or a skin rash, muscle or joint pain, which resolve with no serious
health complications.
Severe infections are marked by a rapid
onset of fever, headache, tremors, confusion, seizures, coma, paralysis,
or death. Symptoms are generally seen within three to 14 days after a
bite from an infected arthropods (insects), but can vary depending on
specific infection. Asymptomatic arboviral infections are of two types:
neuroinvasive arboviral infection and non-neuroinvasive arboviral
infection. Neuroinvasive arboviral infection includes encephalitis,
aseptic meningitis, or acute flaccid paralysis. These illnesses are
characterized by stiff neck, weakness, acute onset of fever with a
headache, myalgia, seizures, or disturbed mental state.
In non-neuroinvasive disease, the virus
is capable of causing an acute systemic febrile illness. It cannot be
transferred from human to human, rather it is transferred from
human-to-mosquito-to-human. Arboviral diagnostics helps to detect the
transmitted virus by infected arthropods (insects) to humans and to
distinguish between an infection and other similar conditions. Arbovirus
diagnostics either detect the antibodies produced by the body’s immune
system in response to particular arbovirus or virus’s genetic material.
The global arbovirus diagnostic tests
market can be segmented based on test type, end-user, and region. In
terms of test type, the global market can be classified into culture
tests, molecular tests, immunoassays, and others. The molecular tests
segment is expected to grow at a rapid pace during the forecast period
due to higher accuracy and ability to diagnose diseases in a short span
of time. Based on end-user, the global arbovirus diagnostic tests market
can be categorized into diagnostic laboratories, hospitals, research
centers, and others. Increase in incidence and prevalence of arbovirus
and advancement in technology are expected to boost the growth of the
market in the next few years. However, the lack of in vitro facilities,
inaccurate results from traditional diagnostic tests, and lack of
awareness are the factors likely to restrain the market during the
forecast period.
Geographically, the global arbovirus
diagnostic tests market can be segmented into five major regions: North
America, Europe, Latin America, Asia Pacific, and Middle East &
Africa. North America is anticipated to dominate the market, followed by
Europe. Increase in geriatric population, rise in incidence and
prevalence of arbovirus, well-established health care infrastructure,
increased research and development expenditure, higher adoption of
advanced diagnostic tests, and higher health care spending propel the
arbovirus diagnostic tests market in North America and Europe. The
market in Asia Pacific is expected to expand at a high CAGR during the
forecast period. The market is driven by India and China owing to the
large patient base, rise in incidence of arbovirus, rapid local
transmission of arbovirus across Asia Pacific due to seasonal outbreaks,
surge in awareness, increase in government initiatives toward improving
health, and developing health care infrastructure. The global arbovirus
diagnostic tests market in Latin America and Middle East & Africa
is anticipated to be driven by rise in investments by the key players in
these regions.
Leading players in the global arbovirus
diagnostic tests market include Abbott, Becton, Dickinson and Company,
Merck KGaA, Bio-Rad Laboratories, bioMerieux SA, Hologic, Inc., MedMira
Inc., QIAGEN, Roche Molecular Systems, Inc., Danaher Corporation,
Siemens Healthineers, and Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc.
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