Transdermal drug delivery is a mode of
drug administration in which drug is administered through patient’s
skin. The drugs or medicine that needs to be administered to a patient
are usually applied in the form of a plaster, patch, or ointment in this
administration route such that the drugs are gradually absorbed into
the systemic circulation. Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) are
generally comprised of five key components: the drug, polymer matrix,
permeation enhancers, adhesives, and backing layers. Transdermal drug
delivery system has several advantages such as:
- The delivery of drug is non-invasive which is very less painful to the patient as compared to other forms of drug administration
- Avoids first-pass metabolism thus increasing the bio-availability of drug
- Transdermal drug delivery have fewer side effects than oral medications or supplements
- Administration of complete dose of the drug is possible through TDDS
- Provides controlled plasma levels of very potent drugs
- Termination of therapy is easy at any point of time
- Reduction in healthcare costs due to higher compliance & more effective treatment
Factors that directly affect the quality,
permeation and efficacy of transdermal drug delivery include morphology
and physiology of skin and the combination of skin, penetrant and
delivery system.
The transdermal drug delivery market is
driven by the introduction of easy-to-use and effective transdermal drug
delivery systems based on cutting-edge technology. The transdermal drug
delivery market is increasing due to its rising demand as it is more
convenient than conventional systems for administrating drugs. For
example, patients that are fanatical to oral drug dosages or those
patients in unconscious state can be administered drugs through the
transdermal route.
Transdermal patches provides improved
control over toxicity levels as these patches can be easily peeled off
if the drug is scrutinized to render higher toxic effects. Drug
permeation can be monitored and estimated more effectively through this
method, which makes it convenient to maintain a constant level of drug
serum. In view of these factors, the adoption rate of products in the
global transdermal drug delivery market is high. By application, the
global transdermal drug delivery market can be classified as hormone
replacement therapy, pain management, contraception, neurological
disorders, and smoking cessation. Transdermal drug delivery system is
one of the fastest growing segments of the total drug delivery sector as
it is the most convenient drug delivery system.
Geographically, the global transdermal
drug delivery market is segmented into North America, Europe, Asia
Pacific and Rest of the World. Nicotine patch is highly sold in the
United States. This patch releases nicotine in controlled manner to help
with the cessation of tobacco smoking. In Europe, the first
commercially available vapour patch was approved in 2007 to reduce
smoking habits. Transdermal patches are gaining share in the global
transdermal drug delivery market penetration because primary care
physicians and patients equally put more emphasis on easy to use drug
delivery methods.
Some of the key global participants
present in the transdermal drug delivery market include 3M
Pharmaceuticals Inc., Actelion Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Bayer Crop Science
Ltd., BioGel Technology Inc., Upsher-Smith Laboratories, Inc., Johnson
& Johnson Limited, Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc., GlaxoSmithKline plc,
Novartis AG, Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Noven Pharmaceuticals, Inc.,
Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH and Actavis Inc.
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